Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks consists of sensor nodes which are scattered to sense the environment, gather some relevant data, as per the requirements, and transmit it to a base station for processing. There are many issues in wireless sensor networks like lifetime, security, privacy, energy efficiency; mobility etc .Energy conservation in the Wireless Sensor Networks is a very important task because of their limited battery power. The related work so far has tried to solve the issues in this context, keeping in mind the constraints of WSNs like battery power, capacity, size etc. In this study, many protocols related to WSNs have been studied like routing protocols, communication protocols, clustering protocols, congestion control protocols etc. The most recent work which has been done in this field has presented a priority based application specific congestion control clustering (PASCCC) protocol, which integrates the mobility and heterogeneity of the nodes to detect congestion in a network. The review has shown that the PASCCC suffers from certain limitations so this paper ends up with suitable future directions.

Keywords: WSNs, PASCCC, LEACH, Congestion, Clustering.